Report leadership Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Report leadership - Coursework Example g to a visible set of leadership differences prevailing between Apple under the guidance of Jobs and Enron, their respective approaches towards performing various operational functions were also been determined thoroughly in the report. Steve Jobs had been quite an influential leader over the years and during his reign, Apple has experienced maximum success in the global business market. However, on the other hand, owing to the inefficiency in the domain of leadership, Enron has seen a major setback in its business, which ultimately resulted in total demise from the global market. Contextually, certain areas of improvement were highlighted in the report that could have enhanced the leadership approaches of both the companies and their respective leaders up to a certain extent. Business patterns have been transformed immensely over the years due to the progression in the domain of technology along with the emergence of various new and developed means of steering business activities. It will be crucial to depict that companies, which fail to move in parallel with the changing business environment will not be capable or less capable in ensuring the conduct of sustainable operations in the global business world. Contextually, it is worth mentioning that companies have the need to develop effective as well as creative strategies that can strengthen their competitive position both in the domestic and the global market. It is quite obvious to the fact that due to the absence of proper plans and policies, any business will suffer adversely and will not able to create a sustainable position for themselves in this competitive business world. In this regard, it is vital that companies plan their objectives and business prospects in an effective and efficient manner, further enhancing the probability of gaining maximum success. However, the other side of the coin depicts that proper execution of the strategies is equally important to attain several significant benefits for

Filipino Overseas Contract Workers in the US Essay Example for Free

Filipino Overseas Contract Workers in the US Essay For the first study, it is expected that the researcher would determine the factors that motivate Filipinos to leave their own country and work abroad. This would include their financial situations in the Philippines together with family size, occupation of spouse, occupation or educational level of the children, and other demographics. Since it is quantitative, it is expected that the study will be able to generate statistics in order to determine the best reason for their migration. Participants would probably prefer to migrate because of more compensation and support for multicultural groups (Zalaquett, et. al, 2008). This also includes an opportunity to work with the protection of the law implemented in the United States. Qualitative data would suggest poor chances of development for them in their own country. It is also expected in the trend study results that US foreign policy will be implemented for the migration of Filipinos in the country. More Filipinos are expected to leave their country and eventually take their families after they have established their lives in the States. However, the study does not make use of any scale in concluding for its objectives. The study is also limited to Filipinos whereas other races such as Israelites and Palestinians are not included. Also, the focus is only on the reason why Filipinos prefer to leave the Philippines and work in other countries (American Psychological Association, 2002). Based on the expected outcomes of the study, it is recommended by the researcher that further studies be initiated on this specific topic. It is also recommended that a study be conducted on job satisfaction of Filipino overseas workers (OFWs) in the United States and compare them with those who prefer to stay in the Philippines. A comparative study on worker’s rights and social security policies between the Philippines and other OFW filled countries is also recommended to further supplement the results of the present study. References American Psychological Association. (2002). Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code Of Conduct (PDF). Zalaquett, C. , Foley, P. , Tillotson, K. , Dinsmore, J. , Hof, D. (2008). Multicultural and Social Justice Training for Counselor Education Programs and Colleges of Education: Rewards and Challenges. Journal of Counseling Development, Volume 86, Number 3, 323 – 329.

Pearl Harbor :: essays research papers fc

Pearl Harbor On December 7, 1941, one of the biggest disasters in United States history occurred. Truthfully, this was and is, â€Å"’A date which will live in infamy.’†(Costello 1), but not for the bombing of Pearl Harbor, but for the trickery and the confusion used by the Government and Franklin D. Roosevelt. To him this was a chess game and Roosevelt sacrificed over 2400 American Seamen’s lives, thanks to his power as Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces. By over-looking the facts of an attack by Japan on Pearl Harbor, Roosevelt was able to control both the political and economic systems of the United States. Most of American life before the Pearl Harbor bombing believed in the idea of not participating in political or economic relations with other countries. Roosevelt knew this, and knew the only way United States countrymen would stand up and fight in Europe’s War was to be a clear action against the United States. Roosevelt also thought Hitler would not declare war on the U.S. unless he knew they were beatable. There are several actions by Roosevelt and his armed forces advisors, which show they were aware of the attack by Japan, but they were also planning on it, and encouraging it. On October 7, 1940, Lieutenant Commander Arthur H. McCollum wrote the eight-action memo. The memo outlined eight different steps that the U.S. could do that he thought would lead to an attack by Japan on the United States. The day after this memo was given to Roosevelt, he began to use these steps. By the time that Japan finally attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, all eight steps had occurred (Willy 1). The eight steps were made of two main ideas; a sign of United States military preparedness and threat of attack, and being a forceful control on Japans trade and economy. McCollum called for the United States to make plans with both Britain and Holland, to use military facilities and to gain supplies in both Singapore and Indonesia. He also thought for the use of a division of long-range heavy cruisers an d submarines. The last key factor that McCollum called for was to keep the United States in the area of the Hawaiian Islands. With the fleet located around Hawaii and mainly in Pearl Harbor, a double-sided sword was created. It helped quicker deployment times into South Pacific Water, but it also lacked many necessary military needs.

Jean Piaget’s Cognitive Theory Essay

The Cognitive Development Theory was first identified by Jean Piaget. Jean Piaget was born on August 9, 1896 in Neuchà ¢tel, Switzerland. Piaget became well known by the many papers he published throughout his late teen years. Once graduating from the University of Neuchà ¢tel, he received his Ph.D. in natural science and published two philosophical essay concerning adolescence. These two essays later became the general orientation for the first publication of the Cognitive Development Theory. According to the Jean Piaget Society by Les Smith, Piaget was married to Valentine Chà ¢tenay and soon after had three children. These children where primary examples of the study Piaget was doing concerning with the development from infancy to language. After the age of eighty-five, the Swiss psychologist died in Geneva on 1980, making him one of the most significant psychologists of the twentieth century. The objective of the theory was, and still is, the explanation by which the process o f an infant, and then child develops into an adult that can both reason and comprehend. Saul McLeod published an article, â€Å"Jean Piaget†, in the website Simply Psychology, where he quoted Piaget, â€Å"Cognitive development is a progressive reorganization of mental processes as a result of biological maturation and environmental experience. Children construct an understanding of the world around them, [and] then experience discrepancies between what they already know and what they discover in their environment† (McLeod 2). There are three basic components to Piaget’s Cognitive Theory: Schemas, the four processes that enable the transition from one stage to another, and the four stages of cognitive development. When starting with the Schema, Piaget described this word as a basic building block of intelligent behavior that a person would use by forming information using what the person saw, heard, smelled and touched. In the article, â€Å"Jean Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development†, from ICELS.ca Blog explains how a schema can be thought of as a unit of knowledge, relating to one aspect of the world including objects, actions, and abstract concepts (Unknown 4). An example of schema is how a child will know how to grab his favorite rattle and put into his mouth because he has  gained knowledge of what that object was used for. Dr. George Boeree, author of Jean Piaget, describes how a toddler that is introduced to a new object will use his â€Å"grab and thrust† schema. Dr. Boeree calls this assimilation; the toddler is relating the old schema onto the new object (Boeree 3). The child after knowing how to react with his rattle is then puzzled with the new object in front of him, he does not know how to react and therefore uses the same schema as he would with the rattle, putting the object into his mouth. However if the existing schema does not work, the toddler has to find a new approach, this is known as accommodation. Accommodation occurs when there has been an unpleasant state of disequilibrium. Equilibrium occurs when a child’s schemas can deal with most new information through assimilation. McLeod clarifies the steps in as the four processes than enable the transition from one cognitive stage to another: Assimilation Equilibration New Situation Disequilibrium Accommodation When Piaget continued to study the each of these steps more carefully, he began to see similarities between most of the children in their nature and their timing. This became the development of the stages of cognitive development. The first stage of the cognitive development is the sensorimotor stage which can be found from the ages of zero until approximately two. In this stage the key feature is object permanence meaning how the infant uses his senses and motor abilities to understand the world. In the article, â€Å"Development of using experimenter-given cues in infant chimpanzees: longitudinal change in behavior and cognitive development†, found in Developmental Science, author Sanae Okamoto-Barth states, â€Å"Jean Piaget conducted experiments with human infants which led him to conclude that object permanence was typically achieved around seven to eight months of age† ( Okamoto-Barth 100). He clarifies how this cognitive skill develops in infants through a fixed series of steps with characteristic transitional errors. Throughout this stage there are three reactions that occur: primary circular reaction, secondary circular reaction, and tertiary circular reaction. Between the age of one to four months, the child has the primary circular reaction. In this reaction the child responds with the same action with the object. Dr. Boeree uses the example of a baby sucking on her them, because it feels good she continues to do it (Boeree 3). Between four to twelve months the infant now  uses secondary circulation which involves with the infants surroundings. Dr. Boeree’s example is a rubber ducky that the infant squeezes; the duck makes a â€Å"quack† entertaining the infant and wanting to continue the squeezing in order to get the same response again. As Okamoto-Barth stated this is the part in which object permanence is found. This ability can be recognized when the infant understands that just because an object is out of sight it does not been that it is gone, non-existent. The experiment used to know if the child had this ability was by doing the Blanket and Ball Experiment (McLeod 4). In this experiment Piaget would have a ball in front of the child and once the child got interested with the ball, he would cover it up with the blanket. The deal was to know if the child still believed in the existence on the ball or if he believed it was gone and no longer existed. Infants of a younger age would go about and entertain themselves with different objects in their surroundings, while infants that achieved object permanence would uncover the blanket and find the ball. The third reaction found in the sensorimotor stage is the tertiary circular reaction. This can be found from the ages of one to two. This is when they start to perform trial-and-error experimentations. An example of this reaction would be when a child may try out different sounds or actions as a way of getting attention from his caregiver (Unknown 4). Children also begin to develop symbols to represent events or objects and during this time the child is quickly moving towards the mental representation and mental combination (Okamoto 105). In this occasion, the infant becomes outstanding in pretending. For example the infant will now talk, feed, and play wit h a doll unlike before where she would just suck on it or throw it around. Once these examples are shown in an infant, the preoperational stage is now in place. The preoperational stage happens during the ages of two to seven. Although the child cannot think logically yet, he is acquiring language in a fast pace and is able to represent the work through mental images and symbols. However these images and symbols are only on his perception. The key feature in this stage is egocentrism. Egocentric is when a child sees things pretty much from one point of view, his own (Boeree 4). Piaget used the experiment of the Three Mountains in order to see if the child is in the preoperational stage or has advanced into the next stage. In this experiment children were  asked to choose a picture that showed the scene which they had observed as well as a picture in which what Piaget had seen. Children almost always chose their own view of the mountain. According to McLeod, children experienced this task difficult because they are unable to take on another person’s perspective (McLeod 4). In this stage children also develop curiosity and the questio ns begin. Children tend to make up explanations when they do not have an answer because they only know so little of the world. The third stage of the cognitive theory is the concrete operation stage which varies from the ages of seven to eleven. In this stage logic begins to play a part in the child’s life. Piaget defines a mental operation as an interiorized action, an action performed in the mind (McLeod 4). The mental operations allow the child to think about what he has done or will do. This also permits the child to have the ability to count from one to ten. The key feature in this stage is conservation and the experiment behind this is the Conservation of Numbers. According to Dr. Boeree, conservation refers to the idea that a quality remains the same despite changes in appearance (Boeree 5). The experiment that Piaget conducted was putting four marbles in a row and four below those. The child would then see that the marbles were the same distance from each other and say they were identical. However, on the other side the top row would have more distance between each other than the bottom. A chi ld that was still in the preoperational stage would look at this and believe that that row had more than all the others. On the other hand, a concrete operations child would know that there are still four marbles and that the extent ion of the distance between each marble did not make a difference. Children learn to understand numbers, mass, area, weight, and volume; although they may not be able to achieve them all at the same time (McLeod 6). They can now mentally reverse the direction of their thoughts and learn how to add and subtract. The child can memorize and trace his way home or remember where was the last place they left an object. Finally, the formal operational stage is the last stage of the cognitive development. This stage begins at the age of eleven on to adulthood. During this time, people develop the ability to sustain abstract concepts, such as logical thoughts, deductive reasoning, and systematic planning (Okamoto 108). The person can now comprehend all the possible ways in which he can solve a problem and can approach it in different points of view. The experiment done in this stage is the Pendulum Task, and it is used to find the key feature of manipulation of ideas in the head, such as abstract reasoning. The pendulum task consist of three factors, the length of the string, the heaviness of the weight, and the strength of the push in order to determine the speed of swing of the pendulum. The idea was to try the experimental method of using one same variable every time. If a teenager would tried different lengths with different weights is likely to be getting the wrong answer. Dr. Boeree states that there are four possible ways: conjunction, disjunction, implication, and incompatibility. In this experiment, conjunction is when both the string’s length and the pendulum’s weight make a difference. Disjunction would be with it is either the length or the weight but not both. Implication is the formation of a hypothesis, if this happens then this will occur. Lately, incompatibility is when the cause does not make an effect that was first hypothesized. McLeod quotes, â€Å"Operate on operations not just concrete objects† (McLeod 6). This simply means that the person has developed an inner value system and a sense of moral judgment that will be necessary for life purposes. When it comes to schools and learning abilities, harmless experiments can be used on a child in order to know what stage he or she is in and how the school administration, teachers, and other staffs can help the child out in his learning. At times a child that takes these experiments can excel and is then placed in a higher level where he or she can learn at his pace. When a child is put in a lower class level, he can tend to get bored and then will have no need no drive to want to excel to his abilities. These experiments can also help children when they have dyslexia and need accommodations for their learning skills. Knowing and understanding these stages is not only beneficial for the students and children but also for the adults. Parents, teachers, and other adults can understand how a child best learns and that  way attend them with individual learning, flexibility in the curriculum, and play with them to increase the child’s learning development. Jean Piaget was a curious person when it came to children and how they their minds developed. He has changed how people view the children’s world and the methods in which children are studied. His ideas were put to use to understand and be able to communication with children, pertaining to the educational field. In the cognitive development theory, schema occurs first followed by the four stages of development: Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. Bibliography Boeree, George C. â€Å"Jean Piaget.† Personality Theories (2006). Web. 21 Oct. 2013. http://www.piaget.org/aboutPiaget.html. McLeod, Saul. â€Å"Jean Piaget- Cognitive Theory.† Simply Psychology (2009). Web. 15 Oct. 2013. http://www.simplypsychology.org/piaget.html. Okamoto. Sanae Barth, et al. â€Å"Development Of Using Experimenter-Given Cues In Infant Chimpanzees: Longitudinal Changes In Behavior And Cognitive Development.† Developmental Science 11.1 (2008): 98-108. Academic Search Premier. Web. 14 Oct. 2013. Unknown. â€Å"Jean Piaget’s Stage of Cognitive Development.† ICELS Blog (2013). Web. 21 Oct. 2013. http://www.icels-educators-for-learning.ca/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=46&Itemid=61.

Robin Hood

Hero or Criminal? Many people consider Robin Hood a hero. He was definitely a hero to the peasants of Nottingham. After all he stole from the rich and gave to the poor. If I were poor he would have been my hero, too. But to the rich people of Nottingham he was nothing more than a criminal. I'm sure I wouldn't think too highly of someone that stole my money. What Robin Hood never took into consideration was that even though the outcome was good the course of action he took wasn't right. So was he a hero or a criminal? Some people consider him a kind hearted hero. Others think of him as a cold hearted criminal. So which is it? It all depends on your perspective. The legend of Robin Hood is one of the most famous legends around. â€Å"He is the subject of nearly forty English and Scottish ballads and numerous tales, plays, and films† (Wilhelm â€Å"Robin Hood†). But a legend isn't always a fact. â€Å"Practically all that is known of the medieval legend of Robin Hood is derived from five surviving poems or ballads and a fragment of a play† (Holt 15). â€Å"The first literary reference to Robin Hood is in 1377. Much of the social background in the early ballads resembles the 14th century. But there are some reasons to believe that the Robin Hood legend was alive and well in the 13th century too. Hence, some historians like J. C. Holt prefer an earlier real Robin Hood† (Robin Hood-The Search for the Real Robin Hood 9). No one knows for sure if Robin Hood is even a real character. â€Å"According to one traditional story, Robin Hood was actually the Earl of Huntingdon, and his real name was Robert Fitzooth. But many scholars believe Robin Hood is completely fictitious. (â€Å"Robin Hood† 346). Roger Dodsworth, one of the greatest figures of the antiquarian movement of the seventeenth century, noted: Robert Locksley, born in Bradfield parish, in Hallamshire [S. Yorkshire], wounded his stepfather to death at plough: fled into the woods, and was relieved by his mother till he was discovered. Then he came to Clifton upon Calder, and came acquainted with Little John, that kept the ki ne, which said John is buried at Hathershed in Derbyshire, where he hath a fair tombstone with an inscription. Mr. Long saith that Fabyan saith, Little John was an Earl Huntingdon . After he joined with Much, the Miller's son. (Holt 44) There are also some other people that could have inspired the Robin Hood legend. Perhaps the earliest outlaw Robin Hood is Robert Hood, servant of the Abbot of Cirencester. Sometime between 1213 and 1216, he murdered a man named Ralph in the abbot's garden. Most Robin Hood legends stories do give the legendary outlaw a grudge against the church. But J. C. Holt dismisses this one as being too far from Robin's usual setting. (Robin Hood-The Search for the Real Robin Hood 9) There is also evidence to support the legend. A tombstone has been found with the following inscription: Here underneath this little stone Lies Robert, Earl of Huntington. Ne'er archer was as he so good And people called him Robin Hood. Such outlaws as he and his men Will England never see again. (Lapman v) This leads some people to believe that Robin Hood is based on a real person. Real or fictitious it is still a legend.

Government Censorship Essays - Content-control Software, Free Essays

Government Censorship Essays - Content-control Software, Free Essays Government Censorship Thesis: Government Censorship would damage the atmosphere of the freedom to express ideas on the Internet; therefore, government should not encourage censorship. Introduction I. In the Internet community, there is a large volume of technical terms. For this reason, it is first necessary to examine the terminology specific to Internet. 1.The internet is a world wide computer network. 1.Electronic mail (email), which is one component of the Internet, approximates person to person letters, memoranda, notes and even phone calls. 2.Another term that is often used is electronic news (enews/Usenet), enews is a broadcast, free to the Internet medium. 3.The term FTP is also frequently used. File transfer protocol (FTP) started as an Internet archival and retrieval medium, somewhat analogous to traditional libraries. 4.The world-wide web (WWW), which is another component of the Net, can be used to publish material that would traditionally appear in journals, magazines, posters, books, television and even on film. 2.It is also essential to give a brief history on the internet. 3.The U.S. government is now trying to pass bills to prevent misuse of the Net. II. In order to understand the need for the ever-growing body of legislation, it is important to explore the controversy, and the current problems involved with the Net as it exists must be introduced. 1.The problem that concerns most people is offensive materials such as pornography. 2.Another crucial internet crime is the stealing of credit card numbers. III. One reaction to this inapplicability has been the Censor the Net approach (the censorship bill), we are now to compare its advantages and disadvantages. 1.First, the meaning of Censoring the Net must be explained. 2.However, many experts have pointed out that government censorship is not possible. 1.First, it is not fair to exclude the freedom and damage the atmosphere of freely expressing ideas just for the safety of children. 2.Most internet users are enjoying their freedom of speech on the Net, which is supposed to be protected by our First Amendment. 3.Additionally, only a very small portion of the Net contains offensive material, most people do not use the Net for pornography. 4.It must be understood that censoring the Net is technically impossible. 5.While people are concerned about Internet pornography, it should be recognized that pornography is sometimes legal; for example, pornography is legal in video and magazines. IV. There are many alternative measures to government censorship which would prevent misuse of the Net and would have the same effects as censorship. 1.It is very important for parents to provide moral guidance for their children, and parents should have this responsibility. 2.However, at the same time as we carry out moral guidance, we have to come out with some short term approaches to solve the problem in a more efficient way as well. 3.An alternative to government censorship is the technological fix, which would prevent misuse of the Net and would have the same effects as government censorship. 1.One example of technological fix is the SurfWatch software. 2.Also, commercial Internet service providers, such as America Online, allow parents to control what Internet relay chat (IRC) sessions are available to their children. 3.Another technological fix is for parents and guardians to have a separate proxy server for their children's web browser. 4.There are no computer programs to automatically and reliably classify material; only people can do it. As a result, while practicing technological fixes, the classification of the contents of the material when posting is very important. 5.Nowadays, most internet users classify their postings with standard categories, and leave signatures at the end of postings. 6.The combination of the installation of censoring software and the classification of materials is a much better solution than government censorship. Conclusion Bibliography The Internet is a wonderful place of entertainment and education but like all places used by millions of people, it has some murky corners people would prefer children not to explore. In the physical world society as a whole conspires to protect children, but there are no social or physical constraints to Internet surfing. The Internet Censorship Bill of 1995, also known as the Exon/Coats Communications Decency Act, has been introduced in the U.S. Congress. It would make it a criminal offense to make available to children anything that is indecent, or to send anything indecent with intent to annoy, abuse, threaten, or harass (Stop the Communications ... n.p.). The goal of this bill as written (though not

Technology and Typos

Technology and Typos Technology and Typos Technology and Typos By Mark Nichol Just a week after a typographical error in campaign materials for Mitt Romney prompted newspaper headlines, more spelling mistakes by the Romney campaign and the Obama administration alike made the news. A misspelling of America in Romney’s iPhone â€Å"With Mitt† app was followed by a reference to Ronald Reagan spelled â€Å"Ronald Regan† in a slide show at a donor event, a misspelling in a video of â€Å"sneak-peak† instead of â€Å"sneak-peek† (tsk! nobody pointed out that in addition, the hyphen is extraneous), and an invitation to buy â€Å"offical† campaign gear. (The latter two errors appeared on Romney’s Facebook page.) The Obama administration has a few red check marks on its assignments, too: Last year, the White House’s Twitter account misspelled Libya, and Obama himself was seen misspelling Syracuse. He was also called out for a couple of mistakes in the spelling of the names of historical figures in his 1995 memoir. What is the world coming to? In the vicious world of politics, these flubs have provided hooks to hang vitriol on. The misspelling by Romney’s staff of America and Reagan, two key words in Republican ideology, and the other mistakes associated with his campaign have been exploited to attack his suitability for higher office a specious argument, regardless of what you may think about just that. The same goes for Obama, though he is directly responsible for the mistakes in his book. But these errors do provide valuable lessons for everyone. Most important, just as evolution does not mean â€Å"improvement† (the basic definition is â€Å"change†), progress does not mean â€Å"things get better.† And a corollary point is this: Just because you can doesn’t mean you should. How did these errors happen? Because it was easy for them to happen. I wasn’t at the scene of any of these misdemeanor crimes against the English language, but my guess is that in the case of the Romney campaign’s typos, and the Obama administration’s misspelling of Libya, a single person was involved: Tap on a few keys, click a couple of buttons, and presto! the app is launched, the video text is entered, the website copy is live. In the past, political campaigns, like other organizations, took a more measured approach to getting the words out: Drafts were circulated, revised, vetted. Errors occurred, but seldom, because the process rendered the environment hostile to mistakes. Now, however, technology allows one person to have control over dissemination (and sensible people will realize that even if multiple pairs of eyeballs were involved in any of these boo-boos, none of those sensory organs belonged to Romney or Obama himself). Why is it any different now? Why are decision makers so careless in assuming that just because a procedure can be simplified, the protocol for effecting the outcome of the procedure can be minimized as well? Because easier translates to faster and cheaper. But what about quality? You’ll notice nobody defended these errors by saying, â€Å"You know what we meant by Amercia† or â€Å"Everybody knows who ‘Ronald Regan’ refers to† or â€Å"The Libyans spell their country’s name al-LÄ «biyyah, so go figure.† Nor were any announcements made about any heads rolling as a result of the mistakes. We shouldn’t shrug these errors off, however. There are more pressing issues in politics than an apparent aversion to spell-checking, but clear communication is compromised when the ease of use of technology enables carelessness. These mistakes are symptoms of a decline in quality control in our written language and an attendant apathy about the issue. And when impressionable younger people, already inured to the attraction of text-speak, see that our society is blasà © and blithe about how sequences of alphabetical characters are displayed (spelling errors are already ubiquitous, whether on billboards or chalkboards), they receive a subliminal message that precision and perfection are not worthy (if ultimately unattainable) goals. I don’t mean to come across as an alarmist reactionary. Again, we’ve got more important things to take care of. But in the meantime, we shouldn’t let the little things slip away unheeded. And I’ve admitted making errors myself. But as we use our handy little keyboards and keypads, let’s all be more careful out there. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Business Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:15 Terms for Those Who Tell the FutureRules for Capitalization in TitlesWoof or Weft?

129 Great Examples of Community Service Projects

129 Great Examples of Community Service Projects SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you interested in performing community service? Do you want examples of service projects you can do?Community service is a great way to help others and improve your community, and it can also help you gain skills and experience to include on your resume and college applications. Read on for dozens of community service ideas to help you get started volunteering. What Is Community Service? Community service is work done by a person or group of people that benefits others. It is often done near the area where you live, so your own community reaps the benefits of your work.You do not get paid to perform community service, but volunteer your time.Community service can help many different groups of people: children, senior citizens, people with disabilities, even animals and the environment.Community service is often organized through a local group, such as a place of worship, school, or non-profit organization, or you can start your own community service projects. Community service can even involve raising funds by donating used goods or selling used good like clothing. Many people participate in community service because they enjoy helping others and improving their community. Some students are required to do community service in order to graduate high school or to receive certain honors. Some adults are also ordered by a judge to complete a certain number of community service hours. Why Should You Participate in Community Service? There are numerous benefits to participating in community service, both for yourself and others. Below are some of the most important benefits of volunteering: Gives you a way to help others Helps improve your community Can help strengthen your resume and college applications Can be a way to meet new friends Often results in personal growth Gives you a way to gain work experience and learn more about certain jobs How Should You Use This List? This list of over one hundred community service examples is organized by category, so if you're particularly interested in working with, say, children or animals, you can easily find community service activities more related to your interests. In order to use this list most effectively, read through it and make note of any community service ideas that match your interests and that you may want to participate in. Some considerations to keep in mind are: Who would you like to help? Isthere a specific group of people or cause you are passionate about? Look for projects that relate to your passion and interests. You may also just want to perform particular community service activities that allow you to do hobbies you enjoy, like baking or acting, and that's fine too. Do you want a community service activity that is reoccurring or a one-time event? Perhaps you don't have enough time to regularly devote to community service.In that case, it may be better to look for opportunities that only occur once or sporadically, such as planning special events or helping build a house. What kind of impact do you want to have? Some people prefer to participate in community service activities that have a quantifiable impact, for example, activities where you know the specific number of kids you tutored, dollars you raised, or cans of food you collected. This is in contrast to activities that don't have such clear numbers, such as creating a garden or serving asa volunteer lifeguard. Some people prefer quantifiable activities because they feel they look stronger on college applications, or because they simply enjoy knowing their exact impact on the community. What skills would you like to gain? Many community service activities can help you gain skills. These skills can range from teaching to medicine to construction and more. If there is a particular skill you'd like to learn for future classes, jobs, or just out of personal interest, you may want to see if there is a community service activity that helps you learn that skill. Want to build the best possible college application, including extracurriculars? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. List of Community Service Examples Below I've listed over 100 community service ideas to get you started with brainstorming. General Ideas Donate or raise money for your local Red Cross Organize a community blood drive Send cards to soldiers serving overseas For your next birthday, ask for charitable donations instead of gifts Hold a bake sale for your favorite charity Read books or letters to a person who is visually impaired Organize a wheelchair basketball team Participate in a charity race Organize an event or parade for Memorial Day Volunteer to help at a charity auction Participate in National Youth Service Day in April Contact a tree farm about donating Christmas trees to nursing homes, hospitals, or to families who can’t afford to buy their own Collect unused makeup and perfume to donate to a center for abused women Help register people to vote Organize a car wash and donate the profits to charity Help deliver meals and gifts to patients at a local hospital Write articles / give speeches advocating financial literarcy. First you should learn about the topics themselves, like calculating housing costs, or understanding personal loans, and then give presentations on these topics. Helping Children and Schools Tutor children during or after school Donate stuffed animals to children in hospitals Organize games and activities for children in hospitals or who are visiting hospitalized relatives Knit or crochet baby blankets to be donated to hospitals or homeless shelters Collect baby clothes and supplies to donate to new parents Organize a Special Olympics event for children and teenagers Sponsor a bike-a-thon and give away bike safety gear, like helmets and knee pads, as prizes Collect used sports equipment to donate to families and after-school programs Volunteer at a summer camp for children who have lost a parent Sponsor a child living in a foreign country, either on your own or as part of a group Coach a youth sports team Put on performances for children in hospitals Give free music lessons to schoolchildren Become a volunteer teen crisis counselor Organize a summer reading program to encourage kids to read Organize an Easter egg hunt for neighborhood children Create a new game for children to play Organize events to help new students make friends Babysit children during a PTA meeting Organize a reading hour for children at a local school or library Donate used children’s books to a school library Work with the local health department to set up an immunization day or clinic to immunize children against childhood diseases Volunteer to help with Vacation Bible School or other religious camps Helping Senior Citizens Read to residents at a nursing home Deliver groceries and meals to elderly neighbors Teach computer skills to the elderly Drive seniors to doctor appointments Mow an elderly neighbor’s lawn Host a bingo night for nursing home residents Host a holiday meal for senior citizens Make birthday cards for the elderly Donate and decorate a Christmas tree at a nursing home Organize a family day for residents of a retirement home and relatives to play games together Ask residents of a retirement home to tell you about their lives Pick up medicine for an elderly neighbor Perform a concert or play at a senior center Help elderly neighbors clean their homes and organize their belongings Rake leaves, shovel snow, or wash windows for a senior citizen Deliver cookies to a homebound senior citizen Want to build the best possible college application, including extracurriculars? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. Helping Animals and the Environment Take care of cats and dogs at an animal shelter Clean up a local park Raise money to provide a bulletproof vest for a police dog Plant a tree for Arbor Day Place a bird feeder and bird fountain in your backyard Start a butterfly garden in your community Sponsor a recycling contest Grow flowers in your backyard then give bouquets to hospital patients or people who are housebound Help create a new walking trail at a nature center or park Update the signs along a nature trail Adopt an acre of rainforest Help train service dogs Participate in the cleanup of a local river, pond, or lake Foster animals that shelters don’t have space for Organize a spay and neuter your pet program Care for a neighbor’s pet while they are away Sponsor an animal at your local zoo Train your pet to be a therapy animal and bring it to hospitals or nursing homes Build and set up a bird house Organize a carpool to reduce car emissions Campaign for more bike lanes in your town Volunteer at a nature camp and teach kids about the environment Test the water quality of a lake or river near you Plant native flowers or plants along highways Helping the Hungry and/or Homeless Build a house with Habitat for Humanity Donate your old clothes Volunteer at a soup kitchen Donate old eyeglasses to an organization that collects that and distributes them to people in need Donate non-perishable food to a food bank Donate blankets to a homeless shelter Host a Thanksgiving dinner for people who may not be able to afford their own Offer to babysit or nanny for a family in need Make â€Å"care kits† with shampoo, toothbrushes, combs, etc. to donate to homeless shelters Prepare a home-cooked meal for the residents of a nearby homeless shelter Collect grocery coupons to give to a local food bank Help repair or paint a local homeless shelter Donate art supplies to kids in a homeless shelter Help organize and sort donations at a homeless shelter Babysit children while their parents look for jobs Become a Big Buddy for children at a homeless shelter Take homeless children on outings Bake a batch of cookies or loaf of bread and deliver it to a soup kitchen Build flower boxes for Habitat for Humanity houses Organize a winter clothes drive to collect coats, hats, scarves, and gloves to be donated Make first aid kits for homeless shelters Reducing Crime and Promoting Safety Volunteer at a police station or firehouse Become a certified lifeguard and volunteer at a local pool or beach Paint over graffiti in your neighborhood Organize a self-defense workshop Organize a drug-free campaign Sponsor a drug-free post-prom event Start or join a neighborhood watch program Create and distribute a list of hotlines for people who might need help Teach a home-alone safety class for children Create a TV or radio public service announcement against drug and alcohol use Become CPR certified Volunteer as a crossing guard for an elementary school Promoting Community Enhancement Paint park benches Donate used books to your local library Become a tour guide at your local museum Repaint community fences Plant flowers in bare public areas Organize a campaign to raise money to buy and install new playground equipment for a park Participate in or help organize a community parade Clean up vacant lot Produce a neighborhood newspaper Campaign for more lighting along poorly lit streets Create a newcomers group in your neighborhood to help welcome new families Petition your town leaders to build more drinking fountains and public restrooms Volunteer to clean up trash at a community event Adopt a local highway or road and clean up trash along it Help fix or raise funds to repair a run-down playground Clean up after a natural disaster Next Steps Now that you know what your options are for community service, you can take the following steps to start getting involved: 1. Look over your interests:Which activities seem most appealing to you? Were they mostly in one particular category, like children or the environment? If so, that's a good starting place for choosing specific organizations to contact. 2. Figure out how much time you can devote to community service: Are you available for two hours every week? Are you not free on a regular basis but can volunteer for an entire weekend now and then? Think about transportation as well and how you'll be able to get to different locations. Knowing this information will help you choose which community service projects to pursue, and it's helpful information for volunteer coordinators to know. 3.Do some research to see what projects you can do in your community: Check at your school, place of worship, or town hall for more information on volunteering. You can also contact the place where you’d like to perform your community service, such as a particular animal shelter or nursing home, and ask if they take volunteers. 4.Start volunteering!This list ranges from small projects that you can complete on your own in a few hours, to much larger projects that will take more time and people. If you find a project you can start on your own, do it! If you want to do a project where you’ll need more resources or people, check around your community to see if a similar program already exists that you can join. If not, don’t be afraid to start your own! Many organizations welcome new volunteers and community service projects. Additional Information Considering doing volunteer work in another country? Read our guide on volunteer abroad programs and learn whether or not you should participate in one. Are you in college or will be starting soon? Extracurriculars are one of the best parts of college! Check out our guide to learn which extracurricular activities you should consider in college. Did you know that you can use your community service work to help pay for college? Check out our step-by-step guide on how to win community service scholarships. Struggling to write about extracurriculars on your college application?Check out our in-depth guide to crafting a compelling narrative about your extracurriculars. Read it for free now:

Case write up- Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case write up- Marketing - Essay Example Lack of professional management therefore has resulted into the lack of organizational development which could have been translated into greater success for the firm at the international level. 3. Another important key issue is the lack of capital to expand the business not only in the local market but at the international level too. Lack of capital has forced the firm to actually limit it and grow organically rather than expanding itself into new and emerging market. This has indirectly resulted into lack of exposure for the firm at the international level besides restricting its growth capacity. 1. Market expansion should be considered as one of the important strategic moves by the firm to actually ensure that it expands into the market other than Europe. Market expansion can be achieved either through the formation of strategic alliances with the firms which are already operating in the target markets of the firm or through a direct entry into the market. 2. Product development can be another important strategic move which the firm can make in order to ensure that they offer a variety of products to the existing market. As described in the case that the retailers often take very few items during the season and the firm is still not in men’s or children business therefore to offer a variety to the market, it is critical that new products should be rolled out at relatively quicker pace in the existing market. In order to ensure that the firm becomes successful at the international level, it is important that the strategy of market expansion must be adapted. In order to expand, business needs to formulate strategic alliances with the firms working in other markets. The formation of strategic alliances can really offer the firm a real chance to know and understand the market with relatively lesser capital while at the same time gaining valuable entry into a new market. Strategic alliances could be formed either through the

Economics (twin deficit) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economics (twin deficit) - Essay Example The deficit has been covered through the borrowing from various agencies both foreign and domestic. The persistent current account deficit for last 20 years has given unprecedented amount of claims to foreign investors. It is always possible that at some time in future and specially if no corrective measures are urgently taken up, the situation may very well become challenging. The foreign claims are generally in the form of stock bonds, treasury issues, bank accounts and other types of financial securities. Foreign governments, their central banks and international agencies possess a sizable share of the claim. One way of looking at the present scenario is that America is becoming increasingly dependent on the imports while its export market is not showing substantial growth. Steady depreciation of the dollar in the international market is the indicator that decides the inflow of foreign investment in the country. When the dollar depreciates, there is more inflow of foreign goods and services. IMF in recent time has also cautioned US to take appropriate steps to curb its rising current account deficit. The report says that ‘the concern remains that at some time more adjustment will be needed to ensure that the global pattern of current account position remains consistent with the willingness of the international wealth holders to build up net claims on the United States’. The global economy has been advancing at a very fast rate and in the present circumstances when the global inter-dependence has become a norm, United States needs to moderate its consumption and spending and focus on issues that would help restrain the increasing growth of current account deficit. One must conclude that today statistics show that US needs to import $1 trillion of foreign capital every year. In the long run, it is highly unsustainable situation both in terms of

LAssessing Public Library Services to Homeschoolers Thesis

LAssessing Public Library Services to Homeschoolers - Thesis Example Other objectives will be to investigate how libraries attempt to respond to the needs of homeschoolers, the challenges for libraries in delivering services to homeschoolers, and discerning what might constitute best future service improvements for librarians. The level of services offered to homeschoolers is uneven in the United States; this may be due to the philosophical or political stance of institutions, personal bias, resource availability, lack of information or absence of a communicated need. Requests by homeschoolers for library services are occasionally denied and homeschoolers do experience a negative reception in some cases. This research will seek to gain an understanding of how homeschoolers use and perceive the public library. It will also look at how effectively library staff responds to the needs of homeschoolers as a user group. Proposals and recommendations for service improvements are also included. Participatory observation of participants and staff, over an eleven-week observation period, during which, a six-session targeted homeschooling program was conducted, at Manross Memorial Library was used. A questionnaire for participants in this program was also administered on-site at the beginning of the observation/program period. The sample population consisted of 21 children and 10 families. I would like to thank the faculty and staff of Aberdeen Business School for their responsiveness and helpfulness during the course of my degree program—absolutely priceless to a distance learner from across the ocean! I am especially grateful to Dr. Peter Reid who went to bat for me more than once when it counted. Thank you. I would also like to thank my advisor Roddy Smith for his advice and feedback during the dissertation process. Homeschooling is generally defined as the home-based education of a preschool or school-age child, by a parent or guardian,

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN BUSINESS CONTEXT Essay

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN BUSINESS CONTEXT - Essay Example It shows that the entire process starts from the time the employee is recruited, though it is a long procedure and the organization tries to be as fair as they can in selecting employees, but there is no guarantee that the employee would keep the job, so from this view the redundancy threat starts taking place in the mind of the employee, only a strong bond with the organization can keep this fear out of employee’s mind. The human resource department in any organization of this world has gained most importance in the modern era, it is because of the fact that what ever an organization achieves, it achieves on behalf of human resources, today human resource gains the utmost importance in every field simply because of the growing demands of the world, there is an entire process used in organization for employees, which includes all the happenings from their selection to retirement or redundancy. The employment is always related to the well being of the economy, if an economy is having job saturation and the employment cycle is not working well than it automatically makes an economy weaker and unstable, as a consequence other related factors are also affected, such as GDP/GNP, so in order to keep an economy healthy the working of the employment cycle should be proper and the various sectors running a country’s economy should keep in view those important things that can disturb the economy of that country. The entire unemployment process starts from the point when the disturbance is caused in the society, which in the case of Europe was the beginning of the nineteenth century when the industrial sector gained popularity and concepts of trading started getting prominent, in that time the employment and unemployment had taken place, the growing number of policies and rules were also causing unemployment, it had almost discouraged every person from the working class, because they had no surety of their current job, it was becoming a problem, but

Fiscal policy and regulation Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Fiscal policy and regulation - Term Paper Example The scope of Fiscal policy is wide and involves several government functions all of which are aimed at ensuring spending is contained and restricted to those areas cum sectors where they have the greatest and positive effect on the economy. (Creel et al pp.8) The main entities for the fiscal policy are government revenues, government expenditures and debt management. Fiscal policy is usually as a result of a well thought process mainly involving the best economic minds that a country may have who are organized as Public Service Program or Capital Improvements Program. This paper will examine the various aspects of Fiscal Policy and its use by the government to achieve its various economic milestones. (Weil pp.1) Besides these, we will look at the main proponents of the Fiscal policy and the main reasons that fail the working of the policy. At the end of this essay, the reader should be able to understand fully the workings of the Fiscal policy and its various aspects. In the end, one maybe able to give an indication of why Fiscal policy may not work as intended. It is important though to note that though the impact of economic changes are felt by certain groups in the economy such as family units especially when the government offers tax cuts, the disposable income of this family increases. (Mont pp.75) The fiscal policy is not aimed at an examination of such mild changes or impacts but is focused on the effects of changes in the government budget as a whole. Fiscal policy is usually looked one sided but a study of it reveals two types of fiscal policies which are not necessarily founded on different bases but are as a result of budget movement. These budget movements on the other hand are determined by the finances available to the government for the purpose of meeting its budgetary requirements. (Creel et al pp.32). These are either budget deficits or budgetary surplus

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN BUSINESS CONTEXT Essay

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN BUSINESS CONTEXT - Essay Example It shows that the entire process starts from the time the employee is recruited, though it is a long procedure and the organization tries to be as fair as they can in selecting employees, but there is no guarantee that the employee would keep the job, so from this view the redundancy threat starts taking place in the mind of the employee, only a strong bond with the organization can keep this fear out of employee’s mind. The human resource department in any organization of this world has gained most importance in the modern era, it is because of the fact that what ever an organization achieves, it achieves on behalf of human resources, today human resource gains the utmost importance in every field simply because of the growing demands of the world, there is an entire process used in organization for employees, which includes all the happenings from their selection to retirement or redundancy. The employment is always related to the well being of the economy, if an economy is having job saturation and the employment cycle is not working well than it automatically makes an economy weaker and unstable, as a consequence other related factors are also affected, such as GDP/GNP, so in order to keep an economy healthy the working of the employment cycle should be proper and the various sectors running a country’s economy should keep in view those important things that can disturb the economy of that country. The entire unemployment process starts from the point when the disturbance is caused in the society, which in the case of Europe was the beginning of the nineteenth century when the industrial sector gained popularity and concepts of trading started getting prominent, in that time the employment and unemployment had taken place, the growing number of policies and rules were also causing unemployment, it had almost discouraged every person from the working class, because they had no surety of their current job, it was becoming a problem, but

Business Biography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business Biography - Essay Example At the tender age of 14, he focused and concentrated his efforts towards the development and growth of his first entrepreneurship venture, which was a web design company in the name of Flyte Design. The SME venture by this young first time entrepreneur went forward to win some of the reputed design awards of Canada. Besides Flyte Design, Tom Szaky also diverted his focus towards the establishment of three dot com companies, which ranged from an online home improvement site to an online fund raising school as well as online grade tracking software. In the year 2001, the serial entrepreneur moved to USA for the purpose of acquiring a degree from the reputed Princeton University. However, in 2002, he shifted his focus from academia to the development of TerraCycle Inc. It can be increasingly said that by the process of early venturing into social entrepreneurship through the formation of TerraCycle in the year 2002, he made it evident that he is an agent of change, who is focused on exp loiting opportunities that keeps on emerging in the social environment from time to time. However, besides being an entrepreneur, he was active member when it comes to community service. He took initiatives in the participation and organizing of various social activities, while increasingly raising and generating values for the stakeholders (CNBC, 2007). About the Business The main objective of TerraCycle is to focus on waste elimination through the process of application of evolutionary economics. Guided by this particular objective, the company focused on national level recycling chain for waste products that were difficult to reuse and recycle. The company focused on setting up a new principle of generating products of innovative nature as well as of high value from already disposed and utilized products by using organic means. The company recycles the waste for the purpose of product creation which focuses on fulfilling the needs of the clients and consumers, while increasingly enabling them to tackle their demand and subsequent elimination of relative and existing pain points (TerraCycle, n.d). The competitive advantage for this business was the fact that the business was started as an innovative venture and in an almost virgin market, in regards to its product portfolio, that Is being offered to the consumers. Hence it can be said that the business had the first movers’ advantage. As of today’s date, the company is focused on the process of value creation through the process of developing a variety of recycled product. The product variety comprises of a wide range of categories ranging from bags, garden accessories and fertilizers, gift accessories, home accessories, office accessories, school accessories. The product category also comprises of items of daily uses likes toys, pet bottles and even winter based essential products (TerraCycle, n.d ). On an overall note, TerraCycle produces over 250 different kinds of products, from a wide rang e of waste streams (Forbes, 2011). Industry Overview The United States, due to its focus on high level of consumption by the government as well as the consumers has become the largest market with the urgent need for waste management services. The waste management industry in the United States is a highly fragmented industry. The sector has grown tremendously over the last few years, till the year 2008. The slowdown all over the

Participatory Action Research Essay Example for Free

Participatory Action Research Essay The youth group was started in 2004 after the youths realized something was going wrong in the community and they were the right people to rectify the situation. They then came together and registered with the Ministry of Culture and Social Services Youth Affairs. It’s a non-profit making organization whose purpose is to address the needs of the youths and to improve the living standards of the community. The group brings together youths of both genders and has no ethnic or racial barriers as it believes youths from whatever background experience the same problems and must come together in order to solve them. Majority of the youths are trained in various fields of education and so it’s a pool of educated young men and women committed to be difference makers in other people’s lives. Currently the group has thirty five fully registered and active members but there is room for more members to join them. Since its formation, the group has provided their voluntary services beyond area of operation to improve the well being of the community. Their areas of activities include youths and community mobilization and awareness on HIV/AIDS, Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), guidance and counseling services, education on income generating activities, youth and community education on alcohol and drug abuse, education on leadership and administration, planning and accountability, tree planting exercise and offering voluntary services for the well being of the community. The group is seeking to address the most pressing needs that are affecting them and the community where they are living. These pressing need collaborative efforts as they cannot be solved by the community alone as they need technical expertise and some substantial funding. These needs were prioritized according to their impact in the community and they include; the high unemployment rate among the youth, gender disparity due to the culture, and idleness among the youths leading to irresponsible youth behavior, high infection rate of AIDS and other venereal diseases, drug abuse, poor farming methods leading to food insecurity and afforestation problem.. The members agreed that they had the brains, knowledge and skills and if put together and shared will bring a big change among the group members, other youths and the community at large. Though they have had challenges especially from the elderly community members when discussing on sexual issues, the group is committed to continue working until they have attained their set objectives. Their services to the community have effected some positive changes, which have commended by the community members. The group also works with other major stakeholders who have been helpful to the group in terms of training and financial support. These include the Community Based Organizations, Non-Governmental Organizations, Religious Organizations, Society and the Government to improve the living standards of the community. These stakeholders have been very helpful to the youth group because they have been offering training without charging them any fee, giving the youths some incentives as well as the community and funding their projects at some level. They have been able to work with the group since it was started and have promised they will continue working with them as long as keep the agreement with them. The possible research question that could be answered if the researcher collaboratively worked the major stakeholders is to find out whether their input into the group has had and positive impact to the youth group and to the community. This research question will be a guide to getting some critical information which will be used by the group to improve on the areas that they are not performing well (The research question could be as follows; What has been your input to the group and has it had any impact to the group and to the society? ) The benefits of doing the work the researcher is proposing is that it could again help the group to be able to identify their weakness and then find out solutions for them. It will also open another door for them to meet other partners through the researcher who will pump in some more useful input to the group. Through their interaction with them some critical issues may rise which could not have been solved, but it will be an opportunity to solve them. In one way the group could be advertising or selling itself and what they are undertaking through these formal discussions as the contents of the discussions will be published somewhere, which will get some support for the group. This could be beneficial to the group and to the researcher as he/she will be able to learn more about how groups work. As concerns to the ethical issues, the protocol has to be followed and the group has to be consulted first before anything happens. There should be respect for the group and any information about the group should be kept secret as it is. The researcher should make sure that he/she work within the guidelines of the group and should she/he need any information should follow the right channels but not go to public and tell the public about the group against their wishes References Luft, J (1984). An Introduction to Group Dynamics (3rd Edition). Mountain View, CA: Mayfield Toseland, R Rivas, R. (2005) Introduction to Group Practice, Allyn Bacon. New York.

Customer Satisfaction: Hotel Industry

Customer Satisfaction: Hotel Industry The Hotel Industry had a great pickup in early 1980s, at that time hotel businesses all over the globe tried their best to grew up to international level, different mergers and new continental hotels group came into existence in late 1980s. As research figures indicate tourism and hotel industries have turned into one of the most profitable sources of income throughout the world especially in last two decades. In 1990s Electronic businesses had approach hotel industry very quickly where that became a milestone for the said industry that was beginning of this realistic approach to be followed up by hotel industry. Capital expands from rich countries to least developed countries and than the life standard of the people improved on the global very quickly, more wellbeing requisites introduced to satisfy human needs in the shape of technology, more comfort necessities became familiarized and if we could try to portray the current picture of the world we could see hotel industry affected directly in this regard, hotel industry is responsible for the fulfillment of the human desire up to maximum level. It is an instinct of human nature to be creative all the time, measuring once level of satisfaction in hotel industry is quite difficult but there are obvious rules which can be followed to find the level of customers satisfaction attainment in the hotel industry, Express by Holiday Inn GSTS system has great responsibility to judge all customers issues and tell true pictures of the services levels of the hotel. Abstract The study mainly reviews and discusses the topic of customer satisfaction and its application to the Hospitality industries. Defines the concept and analyzes its importance to services and its importance to serves in general and to hospitality / tourism services in particular. Following a discussion on the dimensions and attributes of satisfaction, lists the main methods of measuring satisfaction and concludes with a review of global and cross-cultural issues that affect satisfaction in hotel industry. consequently this research aims to investigate the customer satisfaction level in Express by Holiday Inn hotel, London City (Firoka Group of companies UK Ltd), to apply a tool of SERVQUAL model in Express by holiday Inn hotel, London City. Study has also enlisted descriptive survey, feedbacks, trends, approaches research collection questionnaire; the research questionnaire data contain 25 questions. We discussed approaches toward integration and comprehensive model of satisfaction and loyalty, The quality of the Relation Customer Orientation The competitive Advantage We will focus on rational questions Why should we measure customer satisfaction and who should be involved? What will be the process involve? Where Do I Start? How Do I measure Satisfaction? How can I get insight from the result? How do I communicate and action the results and then what? The analyzed obtained data revealed that guests perceptions of the offered services were below than expected average level of an index indicating, which gives us an idea that service level not at optimal level. The overall services quality standards needs to be calculated in terms of satisfaction to encounter the differential gap of optimization. List of Tables List of Figures Declaration Chapter 1 1.0 Introduction: Living in competitive world today wasnt being challenged ever before, Economic, Socio Cultural environmental effects are deciding future of the world businesses today, this era is more complex due to its immense finance requirements, More competitive tools have been evolved to satisfy human needs, Presently Service industry prevailing great deal of challenges where! Every customer has high demands on lowest prices, Life standards are increased with the passage of time so as expectations! and it is very important for one business to calculate its expectation level towards its customers and judge where it is standing in the markets, In the Hotel industry the trust of the customer is very much fragile, It is almost necessary for all hotel businesses to keep themselves well updated about customers needs and market demands, To count prompt responses of the hotel customers there are many systems are being utilizing by the hotel industry, Express by holiday Inn is a franchise hotel of InterContinental hotel group, IHG Group has centralized reservation department which looking after all customers issues, They also responsible to prepare performance report of an individual affiliated franchise hotel world wide on monthly basis, the report GSTS encounter all areas which need to be focus in terms of customers satisfaction, later we will discusses in details all main areas of that report. Customer satisfaction is the leading decisive factor for determining the quality and standard which is actually delivered to the customer through the product, service or by the accompanying servicing. (Vavra, 1997); Its simply stated, Customer satisfaction is essential for corporate survival Several studies have found that it costs about five times as much in time, money and resources to attract a new customer as it does to retain an existing customer (Neumann, 1995). This creates the challenge of maintaining high levels of service, awareness of customer expectations and improvement in services and product. Hayes states that; Knowledge of customer expectations and requirements is essential for two reasons it provides understanding of how the customer defines quality of services and products, and facilitates the development of a customer satisfaction questionnaire (Hayes, 1997, p7). Furthermore, customer satisfaction is recognized as of great importance to all commercial firms because of its influence on repeat purchases and word of mouth recommendations (Berkman and Gilson, 1986). The researcher interest is to carryout a study of customer satisfaction at Express by Holiday Inn, London. 1.1 Aims Objectives of the Study The main objective is to conduct the customer satisfaction and its measurement in the hotel industry with special reference to Express by Holiday Inn Hotel, London. Subsidiary Objectives Analyses of costs demonstrating that customer retention is substantially less expensive than customer acquisition. Customer behaviorists in the area of lodging, restaurant, food services and tourism. Customer satisfaction is a psychological concept. Customer purchase goods and service with pre purchase expectations about anticipated performance. Assessment of satisfaction is made during the service delivery process. Satisfaction is not a universal phenomenon and everyone is not getting the same satisfaction out of the same hospitality experience. Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, Empathy and Tangibles. Research Problem Customer satisfaction research is not an end into itself. The purpose, of course, in measuring customer satisfaction is to see where a company stands in this regard in the eyes of its customers, thereby enabling service and product improvements which will lead to higher satisfaction level. Satisfaction is not a universal phenomenon and not everyone gets the same satisfaction out of the same hospitality experience. The reason is that customers have different needs, objectives and past experiences that influence their expectation. The results of a customer satisfaction survey need to be evaluated to determine what needs to be improved. Goals should be as specific as possible. Hotels are often challenged on how to best increase guest satisfaction, and how to optimize both price and occupancy. Employee satisfaction, guestroom cleanliness, amenities, appearance, food and services all contribute to customer satisfaction, and increase customer satisfaction is a proven driver of guest retent ion and higher occupancy rates. Understanding customer experience through research is widely recognized as a key factor in improving long-term business performance. Express by Holiday Inn Hotel had a requirement to obtain daily feedback at an individual level by rooms/reception questionnaire in general for its GSTS (Guest satisfaction tracking system). It has to introduce web based questionnaire survey to create an opportunity to built feedback interface for general public to get provided a cost-effective and practical methodology so hotel future guest see the reviews in term of past feedbacks. In the customer arena, we believe that regular, quantitative measurement of customer satisfaction provides a much better lead indicator of future organizational health than profitability of market share change (Tom Peters, Management guru) Significance of Study Customer Satisfaction measurement (CSM) consists of on two major roles Providing Information Enabling Communication with Customers The initial or primary reason for taking the time to measure customer satisfaction is based on to collect the information. It means that what customers say that need to be done differently or on the other hand to assess how well an organization is currently meeting its customer needs or requirements. But the secondary is not less important function of CSM in hospitality industry that by surveying customers. An organization is emphasis its interest in communicating with its customers. In hotel industry, its always finding out customers needs, pleasures, displeasures and overall well being. Though it is impossible to measure the satisfaction of every single customer needs. The customer satisfaction may different from organization to organization or hotel to hotel. Here we would like to quote Neumann (1995) five objectives suggestions as follows: To get close to the customer Measure continuous improvement To achieve customer driven improvement To measure competitive strengths and weaknesses To link Customer Satisfaction Measurement (CSM) data to internal systems hypothesis Customer Satisfaction is a psychological concept. Customer purchase goods and services with pre purchase expectations. Assessment of satisfaction is made during the service delivery process. Satisfaction is not Universal phenomenon. Recognition of the employees who contribute to the Customers satisfaction Customer based improvement goals Plans for improving operational variables Incorporation of customer satisfaction skills into employees training program Measurement and plan for improvement of employee satisfaction Importance of my Study To satisfy each and every customer or to meet his / her expectation every time is not an easy task especially in hotel industry. This work is to investigate and examine the psychology of the customer, their expectations and behaviour. Tools of data Collection The data collection would include the use of questionnaire, scheduled interviews, guest feedback, and management feedback, guest services track system (GSTS), guest survey, and personal experience along with personal observation. In the questionnaire design, I will use the respondent completes short closed ended questions and long open ended questions. In the interview design, I would like to use personal forms, sharing their experience and work directly with the respondent. In the guest feedback, I would like to get the guest feedback while they are checking out from the hotel, compare their past and current experience. In the management feedback, I would like to get the information from management regarding the standard and complaint level of the guest activities in the hotel. 1.2 Objectives 1.3 Rationale 1.4 Background of the Organisation 1.5 Structure of the Dissertation 1.5.1 Introduction 1.5.2 Literature Review 1.5.3 Methodology 1.5.4 Analysis Results 1.5.5 Discussions 1.5.6 Conclusion Recommendations Chapter 2 2.0 Literature Review 2.1Customer Satisfaction Customer satisfaction is an important topic for both researchers and managers, because a high level of customer satisfaction leads to an increase in repeat patronage among current customers and aids customer recruitment by enhancing an organizations marker reputation. Being able to successfully judge customers satisfaction levels and to apply that knowledge are critical starting points to establishing and maintaining long term customer retention and long term competitiveness (Yuksel Yuksel, 2002). Customer satisfaction brings many benefits. Satisfaction increases customer retention and customer retention is dependent on the substance of the relationship between parties which is also affected by the service delivered. Satisfaction is an overall customer attitude towards a service provider, or an emotional reaction to the difference between what customers anticipate and what they receive (Zineldin, 2000), regarding the fulfillment of some need, goal or desire. For most products or services, aspects of performance can be objectively assessed. Although these attributes can be objectively measured, customers assessments may not objectively reflect measured performance. Some clients may be taken to several homes that fit their criteria but are unsuitable to the clients personal taste which leads to the clients assessment of the service as being unpleasant because they did not see listings that they liked. Kano, Bentler and Li-tze (1984) developed a model to categorize the attributes of a product or service based on how well they are able to satisfy customer needs. Considering Kanos model, one sees how it may not be enough to merely satisfy customers by meeting only their basic and performance needs. In a highly competitive marketplace, organizations need to adopt strategies and to create product attributes targeted specifically at exciting customers and over-satisfying them (Tan Pawitra, 2001). In real estate to excite or over satisfy customers, an agent would need to have a thorough and vast knowledge of all listings in the local area. In essence, it is the experience and attitudes of the individuals in closest contact with customers that are most likely to affect whether or not customers are satisfied and willing to return to the company. It is also the people in direct contact with customers who determine who the retained and satisfied customers are, and their experience determines how they treat the customers (Hansemark Albinsson, 2004) thus impacting on the service quality delivered. 2-4-1-Customer satisfaction and measuring system: To realize customer satisfaction, everyone within the organization should consider continuous improvement as something normal. As part of this strategy it is important to define the product or service and the customers needs, making an inventory of customers data and complaints, and selecting processes which cause most of these complaints. The central questions in this case are: which products or services do we provide? Who are our customers? What do they want, what are their requirements? Is it measurable? Which critical processes need improvement? By answering these questions continuously, the customer will be better understood, and the product or service will be better in and to create product attributes targeted specifically at exciting customers and over-satisfying them (Tan Pawitra, 2001). In real estate to excite or over satisfy customers, an agent would need to have a thorough and vast knowledge of all listings in the local area. In essence, it is the experience and attitudes of the individuals in closest contact with customers that are most likely to affect whether or not customers are satisfied and willing to return to the company. It is also the people in direct contact with customers who determine who the retaine and satisfied customers are, and their experience determines how they treat the customers (Hansemark Albinsson, 2004) thus impacting on the service quality delivered. To realize customer satisfaction, everyone within the organization should consider continuous improvement as something normal. As part of this strategy it is important to define the product or service and the customers needs, making an inventory of customers data and complaints, and selecting processes which cause most of these complaints. The central questions in this case are: which products or services do we provide? Who are our customers? What do they want, what are their requirements? Is it measurable? Which critical processes need improvement? By answering these questions continuously, the customer will be better understood, and the product or service will be better in tune with the market demand. Which Products/ Services do we provide? First of all, define the most important product or services as concretely as possible. This Definition must indicate what you are really doing as a supplier. The more specific the definition, the better the customers need can be met. Who are our customers? It is important to understand the entire chain of customers. This means that you should know all of your customers. The needs of each customer must be examined separately. Not only the external, but also the internal customers should be considered. In fact, if the company does not satisfy the needs of the internal customers, how will it be able to comply with the needs of the external customer? All employees determine the degree of customer satisfaction. Employees from within different departments must be considered customers of each other. By bringing individual employees together as customers and suppliers, the traditional barriers between departments will be broken. Each employee delivers something to a colleague, whereby one unction as the internal supplier and the other as the internal customer. What do they want, what are their requirements? As a supplier, you should try to figure out what the customer needs and wants. Communication is hereby very important. Talk to your customers and ask them what they think of your product or service. Try to figure out how they use it and what they really want. Listen especially to what they have to say and indicate which customer-supplier relationship needs improvements. The central questions hereby are: -Which needs and expectations do your customers have? -Which needs and expectations do you know? -To what extent do you comply with the needs and expectations of your customers? -If you do not satisfy their needs, what is the reason according to your customers? Making an inventory of customers data, customers complaints and benchmarking are important opportunities to improve the customer orientation of the organization. Information about the opinion of the customer regarding a product or service is of essential importance, and can be obtained in several ways, such as customer surveys, phone interviews, and customer panel discussions. Customer surveys are a powerful tool to get information about what the customer thinks and expects. In general, questionnaires are used with different questions, which may vary from organization to organization. Is it measurable? To comply with the needs of the customer, it is necessary to translate these into product specifications. Quality function deployment is a practical technique to do this. Usually, it is necessary to negotiate with the customer, which results in feasible and agreed on customers requirements, which are measurable and understood by all parties. All statements of the customer about qualitative aspects must be translated into quantitative specifications for the supplier. Define clearly and explicitly what they are talking about. Customer Satisfaction Measuring System: A customer satisfaction measuring system is shown in Table (2-1), to illustrate the activities needed to improve your customer satisfaction. Mark a possibility in this checklist with a cross at each question, and discuss the results of these measurements, and check why this customer Many of these recommendations also apply to your relationships with external suppliers. Treat your suppliers as though they are an integral part of your organization. Listen to their ideas on how you can work closely and productively together, create joint improvement teams with them, invite suggestions from them, assist them in improving their own processes, build mutual trust and respect, reward them if they achieve improvements, let them participate in the celebration of success, involve them in the development of new products and processes, and become a better customer yourself. Expanding your culture of continuous improvement to all your suppliers will ensure that the quality of your inputs is sufficient to meet your own improvement objectives. If possible, minimize the number of suppliers; go with the few best and improvement oriented suppliers with a demonstrated continuous improvement culture and effective leadership by top-management, based on a long term partnership contract. Table (2-1) Customer satisfaction measurement: I customers 1. Do you know who your customers are and how many customers you have? 2. Do you listen effectively to all your customers? 3. Do you regularly make up an inventory of all the needs and expectations of your customers? 4. Did you segment your customers based on their needs? 5. Do you routinely conduct surveys among your customers about your products and services? 6. Are all your employees informed about the results of these surveys? 7. Are more than 75 percent of your customers satisfied? 8. Do you anticipate customer needs? 9. Do you treat each customer as unique? 10. Are complaints replied to whit in two days and solved within one week? 11. Do you stimulate customers to register their complaints? 12. Do you use e-business tools to communicate with customers? 13. Do you have a customers helpdesk or a call center? 14. Do you know which percentage of the customers who terminated their relationship with your organization did this out of dissatisfaction? 15. Are complaints systematically registered and analyzed in your organization? 16. Did you establish complaints handling procedures and are these routinely used in your organization? 17. Do you measure the degree of customer loyalty? 18. Do you make recommendations to customers about the products or services that best suit their needs? 19. Do you know what the costs are when you lose a customer? 20. Do you know what the costs are to gain a new customer? 21. Do you know how much sales you lose due to unsatisfied customers? 22. Do you regularly visit your customers? 23. Do you regularly organize meetings with customers groups to learn about their needs, wants, ideas, and complaints? II. Leadership 24. As a manager, do you know how many complaints are received yearly? 25. is there commitment at top-management for customer orientation? 26. Did you integrate customer satisfaction into the norms and values of the organization? 27. Are these norms and values clearly communicated to all your customers? 28. Does management recognize visible trends and do they anticipate these in a timely manner? 29. Is management convinced of the importance of satisfied customers and do they act accordingly? 30. Does management try to express the importance of satisfied customers to the organization at every occasion? 31. Does management set a good example with regard to customer friendly behavior? 32. Is management open to suggestions and ideas of customers? 33. Does management personally reward those employees who deliver a valuable contribution to increased customers satisfaction? 34. Are relationships with customers reasonably supported and stimulated by management? 35. Is management at all times available to the customer? 36. Does customer satisfaction also belong to the evaluation criteria of management? 37. Are the customers wishes continuously taken into consideration when taking decisions? 38. Does top management also personally handle complaints of customers? 39. Do all members of management in the company have personal contact with external customers at least once a week? III- Policy 40. Is customer satisfaction part of your organizations vision? 41. Did you formulate concrete goals regarding the degree of customer satisfaction? 42. Have you developed e-business strategies for the next two years to increase customer satisfaction? 43. Is the customer satisfaction policy continuously communicated to all employees? 44. Do you have a partnership relation with all your customers based on mutual respect and trust? 45. Do you involve your customers in the development of promotional activities? 46. Do you guarantee your customers a minimal service level and/or complete satisfaction? 47. is there continuous benchmarking with regard to customer satisfaction? 48. Do you involve your customers with the execution of improvement processes in your company? 49. Are more than 50 percent of your employees involved with the improvement of customer orientation? 50. Do you have guidelines with regard to optimally satisfying the customer? 51. Are all employees following these guidelines? 52. Do you have an up-to-date databank in which all characteristics of your customers are registered? IV- Products / services and process 53. Are products delivered within the period expected by the customer? 54. Have you fully integrated the telephone, fax, internet, and any other technology that the customer wants to use to do business? 55. is the phone in you organization answered within three rings in more that 90 percent of the cases? 56. Is every function and each process in your organization arranged to optimally comply with the expectations of your customers? 57. Do these expectations form the basis of internal performance indicators? 58. Are these indicators continuously measured and analyzed? 59. Do you use measured customer satisfaction as an indicator for process improvement? 60. Did you appoint process owners for controlling processes? 61. Do you involve your customers in the development of new products and processes? 62. Do you measure the satisfaction of your internal customers? 63. Do supporting departments within your organization guarantee quality of the work they deliver? V. Human resource management 64. Does customer orientation belong to the profile of the desired employee? 65. Do you have an introduction program in which new employees are also educated concerning the importance of satisfied customers? 66. Are your employees who continuously perform in a customer-oriented manner rewarded? 67. Is training mandatory for each employee in your organization? 68. Are customer orientation and continuous work towards improvement criteria for promotion? 69. Do you regularly organize excursions for your employees and your important customers? 70. Do your marketing employees receive a training of at least two weeks each year in customer orientation? 71. Are your marketing employees free in taking decisions to satisfy customers? 72. Are your marketing employees free to spend what is necessary to correct a mistake made with a customer? 73. Do you involve your employees in improvement projects about increasing customer satisfaction? 74. Do you stimulate your employees to generate ideas about increasing customer satisfactions? 75. Are the employees interest and the interest of the customer related? 2-5. Service quality The concept of service quality as a whole construct is large and varied. The theory has been elaborated on by many researchers. Berry, Parasuraman and Zeithaml (1985) write service quality as perceived by consumers stems from a comparison of what they feel service firms should offer (i.e. from their expectations) with their perception of the performance of the firm providing the services. Perceived service quality is therefore viewed as the degree and direction of discrepancy between consumers perceptions and expectations. For example in real estate, this would be what the client is expecting from the agent in comparison to which is actually delivered by that agent. In real estate, that interaction occurs from the moment the client and agent s peak either verbally or electronically. It is evident that research on goods quality is inadequate in the service field, which has three inherent characteristics: intangibility, heterogeneity and inseparability between production and consumption (Berry, Parasuraman and Zeithmal, 1985). 2-5-1. The Customers Perspective of Service Quality Service quality is usually expressed as a function of customers expectations of the service to be provided (based upon their previous experience, the organizations image, the price of the service for example) compared with their perceptions of the actual service experience (Gronroos, 1984; Berry et al, 1985; Johnston and Heineke, 1998). Perceptions are defined as the consumers judgment of the service organizations performance. However, Parasuraman et al (1988) delve deeper and define the service performance gap as the discrepancy between the specifications of service and the delivery (Chenet, Tynan Money, 2000).

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Until the mid 1900’s the knowledge that the world had of chimpanzees was so little. People thought chimpanzees were simple mammals that were not unique in anyways. Researchers were only able to study the chimpanzees in laboratory environments. This type of research led to little information. Scientists realized the best way to learn more was to go live with them. Finally a young lady, Jane Goodall, spent more than 30 years in Africa living with these animals. On April 3, 1934 Jane was born and still continues to live today. Jane grew up in London, England, but then spent more than 30 years in Africa studying chimpanzees. One toy that Jane received one Christmas had changed her life forever. One Christmas she had received a stuffed animal, a chimpanzee, and immediately fell in love with chimpanzees. Jane would do research on chimpanzees every day for a long time until she was twelve. At age twelve she invented a society that helped animals and she would let anyone join in to help. She got through grade school and graduated high school in 1952. Jane and her family could not afford for her to go to college. Instead of Jane going to college she got a job as a waitress and worked as a secretary at Oxford University. In 1956 Jane was invited by a friend to come to Kenya and stay on their farm with them. She had lived with them for about five years and then got asked to go to the Gombe forest to study the chimpanzees. Jane had started her research in the Gombe forest in the 1960’s. The people that had sent Jane said she was not allowed to go by herself, so Jane brought her mother. They had started at the top of a mountain and slowly moved down to observe the chimpanzees from every point of view. Jane would put bananas out o... ...e to know about the chimpanzees and her experience. If Jane had never spent more than thirty years in Africa doing all this hard work for chimpanzees, chimpanzees would be extinct or endangered. Little information would be known, and people would still think chimpanzees were just simple mammals. Instead, Jane did this all for the world and environment. She found out plenty of information and brought that knowledge back to share with the world. Jane found out that these animals were so unique and so very humanlike. She is a very hard worker and puts in so much effort in all she does. She has a great experience with animals and can work great with them. This is why researchers chose Jane to study chimpanzees and do all this hard work for the people. Jane encourages everyone that they can change the world in anyway and wants people to follow in her footsteps.